[Formati] traduzioni in inglese (2)

Francesco Potorti` pot at softwarelibero.it
Mon Nov 22 17:13:03 UTC 2004


Come se non bastasse, ho quasi tradotto anche lista_formati_liberi.tex.
Mi manca un pezzo alla fine, che termino appena posso, ma intanto la
mando.  Questa non è neanche ancora riletta, la mando solo per eccitarvi
:-)

===File ~/assoli/misc/formati/free-format-list.tex==========
\documentclass[a4paper]{article}
\usepackage[bookmarks=true]{hyperref}

\author{Gruppo di Lavoro sui Formati dati Liberi}
\title{Free Data Format:\\List}
\begin{document}

\maketitle
\tableofcontents

\section{List of free formats}

In the following, we provide a list of data formats that are compliant with the
rules listed in the free format definition and can consequently be called free
data formats.

Our aim is to provide as much as possible a complete list  that
includes free data formats for any application.  That is the reason why
additions and correction are welcome; they should be sento to the free data
format discussion group:
\href{mailto:formati at softwarelibero.it}{formati at softwarelibero.it}.

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\subsection{Text documents (unformatted)}

\begin{description}
\item[ASCII] 7-bit ASCII unformatted text.
  \begin{description}
  \item[FIXME] find the specifications
  \end{description}

\item[ISO] 8-bit ISO unformatted text.
  \begin{description}
  \item[FIXME] find the specifications
  \end{description}

\item[Unicode] Unicode 16 and 32-bit unformatted text.
  \begin{description}
  \item[FIXME] find the specifications
  \end{description}

\item[UTF-8] Variable-length UTF-8 unformatted text.
  \begin{description}
  \item[FIXME] find the specifications
  \end{description}
\end{description}

\begin{table}[htb]
  \footnotesize
  \centering
  \begin{tabular}[c]{|l|c|l|p{8cm}|}
    \hline
    \textbf{Name}&\textbf{Extension}&\textbf{MIME type}&\textbf{Description}\\
    \hline
    \hline
    ASCII & .txt & text/plain & 7-bit ASCII text-only\\
    ISO & .txt & text/plain & 8-bit ISO text-only\\
    Unicode & .txt & text/plain & 16 and 32-bit Unicode text-only\\
    UTF-8 & .txt & text/plain & Variable-length UTF-8 text-only\\
    \hline
  \end{tabular}
  \caption{Table of unformattet text data formats}
  \label{tab:documenti_testuali}
\end{table}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\subsection{Documenti testuali (testo formattato)}

\begin{description}
\item[DocBook] Text conforming to the SGML or XML format that uses the
  DocBook DTD.
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specification] SGML:
    \href{http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/sgml/}
    {http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/sgml/}

    XML: \href{http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/}
    {http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/}
  \end{description}

\item[groff] Text conforming to the GNU troff format specifications.
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specification] Can be obtained from the source code of the groff
  program, which implements the format, at
    \href{http://www.gnu.org/software/groff/groff.html}
      {http://www.gnu.org/software/groff/groff.html}
  \item[FIXME] you can find some tutorials for the troff e nroff formats, which
    are slightly different from groff, but we need the official specifications.
  \end{description}

\item[Lout] Text conforming to the Lout format.
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specification]
    \href{http://snark.ptc.spbu.ru/~uwe/lout/lout.html}
      {http://snark.ptc.spbu.ru/\~uwe/lout/lout.html}
  \end{description}

\item[TeX + extensions] Text conforming to the TeX language and its extensions
  (LaTeX, AMSTeX, BibTeX...).
  \begin{description}
    \item[Note] TeX language functionalities are augmented with a great number
    of extensions, which are implemented through packets or macros: a possibly
    incomplete archive is found on CTAN
    (\href{http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/}
    {http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/}).  These packets and macros are
    distributed with different licenses, sometimes incompatible with the Free
    Software Definition --- however, extensions generally satisfy the free
    format definition: in fact the specificatiosn are documented, or anyway can
    be obtained form the source code of the packets or macros implementing
    them.  It would be useless, maybe impossible, making a comprehensive list
    of the extensions, so we are making here an exception with respect to the
    rest of this document, by only listing the TeX extensions that \emph{do
    not} satisfy the free format definition.  This list is currently empty.
  \end{description}

\item[OpenOffice Writer] Text conforming to the XML format that uses the
  OpenOffice.org DTD.
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specification] OpenOffice.org XML File Format:
    \href{http://xml.openoffice.org/general.html}
    {http://xml.openoffice.org/general.html}
  \end{description}

\end{description}

\begin{table}[htb]
  \footnotesize
  \centering
  \begin{tabular}[c]{|l|c|l|p{8cm}|}
    \hline
    \textbf{Name}&\textbf{Extension}&\textbf{MIME type}&\textbf{Description}\\
    \hline
    \hline
    DocBook & .sgml, .xml & ? & XML using the Openoffice.org DTD\\
    groff & .t .tr .roff & application/x-troff & GNU troff format\\
    Lout & .lout & ? & Lout format\\
    TeX + estensioni & .tex \emph{and others} & application/x-tex & TeX format
    (+ extensions)\\
    \hline
  \end{tabular}
  \caption{Table of formatted text data formats}
  \label{tab:documenti_testuali_formattati}
\end{table}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\subsection{Hypertexts}

\begin{description}
\item[HTML] Hypertext in HTML format.
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specification]
    \href{http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/}{http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/}
  \end{description}
\end{description}

\begin{table}[htb]
  \footnotesize
  \centering
  \begin{tabular}[c]{|l|c|l|p{8cm}|}
    \hline
    \textbf{Name}&\textbf{Extension}&\textbf{MIME type}&\textbf{Description}\\
    \hline
    \hline
    HTML & .html, .htm & text/html & HTML format hypertext\\
    \hline
  \end{tabular}
  \caption{Table of hypertext formats}
  \label{tab:ipertesti}
\end{table}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\subsection{[FIXME] Music documents (spartiti)}

\begin{description}
\item[MusiXTeX] Text document using the TeX language and the MusiXTeX macro.
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specifiche:]
    \href{http://tex.loria.fr/ctan-doc/macros/musixtex/doc/musixdoc.ps.gz}
    {http://tex.loria.fr/ctan-doc/macros/musixtex/doc/musixdoc.ps.gz}
  \end{description}

\item[MusiXTeX] Text document using the TeX language and the musictex macro.
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specifiche:]\href{http://tex.loria.fr/packages/gutenb90.ps.gz}
    {http://tex.loria.fr/packages/gutenb90.ps.gz}
  \end{description}
\end{description}

\begin{table}[htb]
  \footnotesize \centering
  \begin{tabular}[c]{|l|c|l|p{8cm}|}
    \hline
    \textbf{Name}&\textbf{Extension}&\textbf{MIME type}&\textbf{Description}\\
    \hline
    \hline
    MusiXTeX & .tex & application/x-tex & [FIXME]Spartito in TeX + MusiXTeX macro\\
    musictex & .tex & application/x-tex & ]FIXME]Spartito in TeX + musictex macro\\
    \hline
  \end{tabular}
  \caption{Table of formats for [FIXME]spartiti}
  \label{tab:documenti_musicali}
\end{table}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\subsection{Spreadsheets}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\subsection{Presentazioni multimediali}

\begin{description}
\item[MagicPoint] Text with MagicPoint directives.
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specification] Distributed along with the program sources, at
    \href{http://www.mew.org/mgp/}{http://www.mew.org/mgp/}.
  \item[Note] The program is still an alpha version, so the format \emph{may}
  change, and current files not be compatible with future versions.
  \end{description}
\end{description}

\begin{table}[htb]
  \footnotesize
  \centering
  \begin{tabular}[c]{|l|c|l|p{8cm}|}
    \hline
    \textbf{Name}&\textbf{Extension}&\textbf{MIME type}&\textbf{Description}\\
    \hline
    \hline
    MagicPoint & .mgp & application/x-magicpoint & MagicPoint presentation\\
    \hline
  \end{tabular}
  \caption{Table of presentation formats}
  \label{tab:presentazioni}
\end{table}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\subsection{Mathematic applications for symbolic or numeric computations}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\subsection{Grafica bitmap}

\begin{description}
\item[JNG] JNG image.
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specifiche] \href{http://www.libpng.org/pub/mng/spec/}
    {http://www.libpng.org/pub/mng/spec/}
  \end{description}

%\item[JPEG JFIF] Image in JPEG JFIF format, commonly known as ``JPEG''.
%  \begin{description}
%  \item[Specification] JPEG compression:
%    \href{http://www.w3.org/Graphics/JPEG/itu-t81.pdf}
%    {http://www.w3.org/Graphics/JPEG/itu-t81.pdf}
%
%    JFIF format: \href{http://www.w3.org/Graphics/JPEG/jfif3.pdf}
%    {http://www.w3.org/Graphics/JPEG/jfif3.pdf}
%  \end{description}

\item[PNG] PNG image.
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specification] Version 1.0 (recommended by W3C)
    \href{http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-png}{http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-png}

    Current version: \href{http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/spec/}
    {http://www.libpng.org/pub/png/spec/}
  \end{description}
\end{description}

\begin{table}[htb]
  \footnotesize
  \centering
  \begin{tabular}[c]{|l|c|l|p{8cm}|}
    \hline
    \textbf{Name}&\textbf{Extension}&\textbf{MIME type}&\textbf{Description}\\
    \hline
    \hline
    JNG & .jng & image/x-jng & JNG image\\
%    JPEG (JPEG JFIF) & .jpeg .jpg .jpe & image/jpeg & JPEG (JPEG JFIF) iamge\\
    PNG & .png & image/png   & PNG image\\
    \hline
  \end{tabular}
  \caption{Table of bitmap image formats}
  \label{tab:grafica_bitmap}
\end{table}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\subsection{Vector graphics}

\begin{description}
\item[SVG] Text conforming to the XML format that uses the SVG DTD.
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specification] \href{http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/}{http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/}
  \end{description}
\end{description}

\begin{table}[htb]
  \footnotesize
  \centering
  \begin{tabular}[c]{|l|c|l|p{6cm}|}
    \hline
    \textbf{Name}&\textbf{Extension}&\textbf{MIME type}&\textbf{Description}\\
    \hline
    \hline
    SVG & .svg & image/svg+xml & SGML o XML using the SVG DTD\\
    \hline
  \end{tabular}
  \caption{Table of vector graphics formats}
  \label{tab:grafica_vettoriale}
\end{table}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\subsection{3D graphics}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\subsection{Solid modelling}

\begin{description}
\item[SIF] SIF format text file.
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specification]
    \href{http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~ug/sif/}
      {http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/\~ug/sif/}
  \end{description}
\end{description}

\begin{table}[htb]
  \footnotesize
  \centering
  \begin{tabular}[c]{|l|c|l|p{6cm}|}
    \hline
    \textbf{Name}&\textbf{Extension}&\textbf{MIME type}&\textbf{Description}\\
    \hline
    \hline
    SIF & ? & ? & SIF dormat text file\\
    \hline
  \end{tabular}
  \caption{Table of solid modelling formats}
  \label{tab:modellazione_solida}
\end{table}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\subsection{Audio}

\begin{description}
\item[Ogg Vorbis] Ogg Vorbis audio file.
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specification] \href{http://www.xiph.org/ogg/index.html}
    {http://www.xiph.org/ogg/index.html}
  \end{description}
\end{description}

\begin{table}[htb]
  \footnotesize
  \centering
  \begin{tabular}[c]{|l|c|l|p{8cm}|}
    \hline
    \textbf{Name}&\textbf{Extension}&\textbf{MIME type}&\textbf{Description}\\
    \hline
    \hline
    OGG & .ogg & audio/x-vorbis & Ogg Vorbis audio file\\
    \hline
  \end{tabular}
  \caption{Table of audio formats}
  \label{tab:audio}
\end{table}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\subsection{Video}

\begin{description}
\item[MNG] MNG animated image.
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specification] \href{http://www.libpng.org/pub/mng/spec/}
    {http://www.libpng.org/pub/mng/spec/}
  \end{description}
\end{description}

\begin{table}[htb]
  \footnotesize
  \centering
  \begin{tabular}[c]{|l|c|l|p{8cm}|}
    \hline
    \textbf{Name}&\textbf{Extension}&\textbf{MIME type}&\textbf{Description}\\
    \hline
    \hline
    MNG & .mng & video/x-mng & MNG animated image\\
    \hline
  \end{tabular}
  \caption{Table of video formats}
  \label{tab:video}
\end{table}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\subsection{Lossless compression}

\begin{description}
\item[bzip2] Compressed bzip2 file.
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specification] Otainaible from the source code of the program
  implementing the format, distributed on
    \href{http://sources.redhat.com/bzip2/}{http://sources.redhat.com/bzip2/}
  \end{description}

\item[GZIP] Compressed gzip file.
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specification] Zlib: \href{http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1950.txt}
    {http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1950.txt}

    Deflate: \href{http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1951.txt}
    {http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1951.txt}

    Gzip: \href{http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1952.txt}
    {http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1952.txt}
  \end{description}
\end{description}

\begin{table}[htb]
  \footnotesize
  \centering
  \begin{tabular}[c]{|l|c|l|p{8cm}|}
    \hline
    \textbf{Name}&\textbf{Extension}&\textbf{MIME type}&\textbf{Description}\\
    \hline
    \hline
    gzip & .gz & application/x-gzip & Compressed gzip file\\
    bzip2 & .bz2 & application/x-bzip2 & Compressed bzip2 file\\
    \hline
  \end{tabular}
  \caption{Table of lossless compression formats}
  \label{tab:compressione}
\end{table}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\subsection{Backup and archive}

\begin{description}
\item[CPIO] Cpio archive.
  \begin{description}
  \item[FIXME] unofficial:
    http://www.mkssoftware.com/docs/man4/cpio.4.asp
  \end{description}

\item[GNU TAR] GNU tar archive.
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specification]
    \href{http://www.gnu.org/manual/tar/html_chapter/tar_toc.html}
    {http://www.gnu.org/manual/tar/html\_chapter/tar\_toc.html}
  \end{description}

%\item[Posix tar] Posix tar archive.
%  \begin{description}
%  \item[FIXME] Posix specifications are not free.
%  \end{description}
%\end{description}

\begin{table}[htb]
  \footnotesize
  \centering
  \begin{tabular}[c]{|l|c|l|p{8cm}|}
    \hline
    \textbf{Name}&\textbf{Extension}&\textbf{MIME type}&\textbf{Description}\\
    \hline
    \hline
    cpio & .cpio & application/x-cpio & Cpio archive\\
    GNU tar & .tar & application/x-tar & GNU tar archive\\
%    Posix tar & .tar & application/x-tar & Posix tar archive\\
    \hline
  \end{tabular}
  \caption{Table of backup and archive formats}
  \label{tab:archivi}
\end{table}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\subsection{Printing}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\subsection{Medical and scientifical data}

\begin{description}
\item[ACR/NEMA 1.0 e 2.0] Immagini e dati medici aderenti allo
  American College of Radiology --- National Electrical Manufacturers
  Association (ACR-NEMA) Digital Imaging and Communications Standard
  (ed all'estensione ACR/NEMA Standards Publication PS2-1989).
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specification] Reperibili solo su ordinazione, da:
    \texttt{NEMA\\
      Office of Publications\\
      2102 L Street, N.W.\\
      Washington, D.C., 20037, USA}
  \end{description}

\item[ANALYZE 7.5] Immagini aderenti alla versione 7.5 del formato utilizzato
  dal programma Analyze della Mayo Clinic (Rochester, USA).
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specification] \href{http://www.mayo.edu/bir/PDF/ANALYZE75.pdf}
    {http://www.mayo.edu/bir/PDF/ANALYZE75.pdf}
  \end{description}

\item[DICOM 3.0] Immagini e dati medici aderenti al formato DICOM
  (Digital Imaging and COmmunications in Medicine).
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specification] \href{http://medical.nema.org/dicom/2001.html}
    {http://medical.nema.org/dicom/2001.html}
  \end{description}

\item[HDF, HDF5] Dati scientifici in formato HDF (Hierarchical Data
  Format).
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specification]
    \href{http://hdf.ncsa.uiuc.edu/}{http://hdf.ncsa.uiuc.edu/}
  \end{description}

\item[INTERFILE 3.3] Immagini e dati medici aderenti alla versione 3.3 del
formato InterFile.
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specification]
    \href{http://gamma.wustl.edu/interfile33/interfile33.complete}
        {http://gamma.wustl.edu/interfile33/interfile33.complete}
  \end{description}
\end{description}

\begin{table}[htb]
  \footnotesize
  \centering
  \begin{tabular}[c]{|l|c|l|p{6cm}|}
    \hline
    \textbf{Name}&\textbf{Extension}&\textbf{MIME type}&\textbf{Description}\\
    \hline
    \hline

    ACR/NEMA 1.0 e 2.0 & .acr & ? & Immagini e dati medici in formato
    ACR/NEMA\\

    ANALYZE 7.5 & .hdr, .img & ? & Immagini in formato ANALYZE 7.5\\

    DICOM 3.0 & .dcm, .dicom & application/dicom, image/dicom & Immagini e dati
    medici in formato DICOM\\

    HDF, HDF5 & .hdf & application/hdf & Dati scientifici in formato HDF\\

    INTERFILE 3.3 & .hdr, .img, .crv, .roi & ? & Immagini e dati medici in
    formato INTERFILE 3.3\\

    \hline
  \end{tabular}
  \caption{Table of formati per i dati medici e scientifici}
  \label{tab:medici_scientifici}
\end{table}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\subsection{Dati geografici}

\begin{description}
\item[GML] Testo contenente scritto secondo le specifiche del meta-formato XML
  (eXtended Markup Language), e aderente al Geography Markup Language (GML) XML
  Schema o DTD (Data Type Definition).
  \begin{description}
  \item[Specification]
    \href{http://www.opengis.net/gml/}{http://www.opengis.net/gml/}
  \end{description}
\end{description}

\begin{table}[htb]
  \footnotesize
  \centering
  \begin{tabular}[c]{|l|c|l|p{6cm}|}
    \hline
    \textbf{Name}&\textbf{Extension}&\textbf{MIME type}&\textbf{Description}\\
    \hline
    \hline

    GML & ? & ? & Documento XML aderente al GML XML Schema o DTD\\

    \hline
  \end{tabular}
  \caption{Table of formati per i dati geografici}
  \label{tab:geografici}
\end{table}

\end{document}

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